Multiple Myeloma Complications

Multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer that affects disease-fighting plasma cells. This condition and its treatment could cause complications, some of which can be serious or life-threatening.

Cancer cells can crowd out healthy red blood cells, causing tiredness, weakness, and dizziness. Treatment may include iron supplements or blood transfusions.

Multiple myeloma weakens your immune system. Watch for fever, cough, and unusual skin problems. Washing hands often and getting vaccines can help ward off infections.

Bone pain and weakness are common. Multiple myeloma can cause holes or weakness in bones, making them break easily. Medications called bisphosphonates and calcium/vitamin D supplements help strengthen bones.

When bones break down, they release calcium into your blood. This can cause nausea, confusion, and extreme thirst. This needs emergency treatment.

About half of multiple myeloma patients experience kidney damage, which can lead to organ failure. Watch out for swelling and less urine. Drinking plenty of water and avoiding certain medications can help protect your kidneys.

Multiple myeloma treatments can cause constipation and diarrhea. Drinking enough water and adjusting your diet can help. Ask your doctor or dietitian for specific nutrition advice.