Introduction to Migraines and Headaches
What's the Difference?
Headaches and migraines are not the same thing. Regular headaches are usually less severe and go away faster. Migraines often cause throbbing pain, can last for days, and may come with nausea or sensitivity to light and sound.
Types of Headaches
Tension headaches feel like a tight band squeezing around your head and are often caused by stress. Cluster headaches cause severe pain around one eye and come in groups. Migraines typically affect one side of your head with intense throbbing pain.
Common Triggers
Many things can trigger headaches and migraines, such as not getting enough sleep or feeling stressed. Some foods and drinks might also cause them, such as wine, aged cheese, or too much coffee. Weather changes and bright lights can be triggers for some people.
Warning Signs
Before a migraine hits, you might see flashing lights or zigzag lines, feel tingling in your face or hands, or have trouble speaking. These warning signs, called "aura," can happen about 30 minutes before the headache pain starts.
Getting Diagnosed
Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and the timing of your headaches. Keep track of your headaches in a diary to help spot patterns. Most people don't need brain scans, but your doctor might order one to rule out other problems.
Treatment Options
For mild headaches, over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, often help. Migraines might need stronger prescription medications. Some people find relief by resting in a dark, quiet room or placing a cold pack on their forehead.