What to Expect: Sexual Function After Prostate Cancer

After being treated for prostate cancer, many men may have changes in their sexual function. This can be frustrating and overwhelming, but it is important to understand what to expect and know that there are ways to address these challenges. Surgery and radiation can damage nerves and blood vessels, making it more difficult to get an erection or have an orgasm. Hormone therapy can also lower testosterone levels, affecting sex drive and performance. It's important to have realistic expectations and to be patient, as these issues may be temporary or treatable. 

Penile rehabilitation is a technique that involves using your penis regularly after treatment to maintain its function. While there is not a lot of data to support this method, it is believed that frequent erections can improve blood flow and oxygen levels, keeping your penis healthy. This can be done through both physical stimulation and using ED treatments. Talk with your doctor to see if penile rehabilitation could help you.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common complaint after prostate cancer treatment, affecting about 8 out of 10 men. Fortunately, several medical treatments can help with this issue. Medications such as sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis), and vardenafil (Levitra) can improve blood flow to the penis but may not work well if nerves have been damaged. Other options include alprostadil, which is inserted into the opening of the penis, or injecting medication directly into the base of the penis. Vacuum devices and penile implants are also options for men who have ED. 

Along with medical treatments, there are also lifestyle changes that can improve sexual function after prostate cancer treatment. Regular exercise and a healthy diet – rich in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and fish – can lower the risk of ED. Smoking and heavy drinking can also contribute to erectile dysfunction, so it is important to limit these habits. Kegel exercises, which strengthen pelvic floor muscles, may also help with erectile function. 

It's important to remember that sex doesn't just mean intercourse. Many other forms of intimacy and pleasure can be enjoyed, such as kissing, touching, oral sex, and manual stimulation. Using a vibrator on the head of the penis can also stimulate nerves and enhance pleasure. Being open to exploring different types of intimacy can help maintain a fulfilling sex life after prostate cancer treatment. 

Prostate cancer and its treatment can have a significant emotional impact on both the patient and their partner. Stress and anxiety can interfere with sexual function, and worrying about performance can make matters worse. It's important to have open and honest communication with your partner about your feelings and expectations when it comes to sex. Seeking support from a mental health professional or joining a support group can also help you manage emotions and navigate intimacy after prostate cancer treatment.

While prostate cancer treatment may present challenges, there are many things you can do to maintain a fulfilling sex life. It's important to have realistic expectations, communicate openly with your partner, and explore different forms of intimacy. By staying informed and proactive, you can continue to have a healthy and enjoyable sex life after prostate cancer.